EXPLAINER
The Islamic guidance patrol may be gone for now after months of protests, but mandatory hijab is not.
Tehran, Iran – The morality police in Iran have been shut down, at least for now, according to the country’s prosecutor general. But what does that mean?
Mohammad Jafar Montazeri was quoted as saying by local media on Saturday that the morality police force “has no connection with the judiciary and was shut down by the same place that it had been launched from in the past”.
The announcement was made in the third month of protests that erupted after the death in police custody of Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old woman who was arrested by the morality police in Tehran for alleged non-compliance with Iran’s dress code.
What are the morality police?
- Known as “Gasht-e Ershad”, or Islamic guidance patrol, the current morality police force was established more than 15 years ago during the administration of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. There had been other forms of patrols earlier.
- Its units, usually consisting of several men and women, used white police vans with dark green stripes to patrol the streets or park in spots where pedestrians frequent or younger people gather.
- Its officers would enforce the country’s dress code, which requires women to cover their hair and wear loose-fitting clothing. For violations, they would issue verbal warnings or detain women and take them to “re-education” centres.
What does the suspension mean?
- The prosecutor general has said the force has been “shut down”, and the vans have not been seen recently in public. But no such confirmation has come from police officials, and reports of Montazeri’s comments did not mention an indefinite shutdown.
- For now, as the protests continue, many women are walking on the streets of cities across Iran, especially in Tehran, without head coverings.
- During the protests, women have been filmed taking off their headscarves and burning them while “woman, life, freedom” has become a rallying cry and a way to show solidarity both inside and outside Iran.
- It is unclear whether officials will continue to tolerate the current situation or if they will use other methods to impose the dress code.
Will there be a change in the law?
- Let’s not forget that the morality police were just one very visible tool of implementing mandatory hijab.
- Complying with dress standards became mandatory by law four years after the 1979 Islamic Revolution. It birthed the current theocratic establishment and overthrew a monarchy backed by the United States.
- No senior official has seriously signalled in public that a major change in hijab laws could be implemented soon. Top authorities have emphasised over the years that they consider the issue to be a “red line”.
- Montazeri had said last week that both parliament and the judiciary “are working and studying the issue of hijab” while pointing out that the judiciary does not favour indefinitely shutting down the “moral security police”.
- President Ebrahim Raisi has said several times since September that “flexibility” could potentially be shown in implementing the law, but he has not elaborated. Other officials have hinted at less confrontational but still controversial methods like using artificial intelligence and cameras to fine perceived offenders.
